The end of ancient times

The end of ancient times
1980 At the same time there are three Hacker culture in development, despite their occasional contacts and exchanges, it is still all to play all the. ARPANET/PDP-10 culture, is on the LISP, MACRO, TOPS-10 and ITS. UNIX and C supporter with telephone lines to their PDP-11 and VAX machines Chuanqi play. There is another group scattered and disorderly microcomputer fans, will be committed to the popularization of computer technology.
Three in the ITS culture (that is, MIT AI LAB as the center of the Hacker Culture) can be said at this time to prime time, but the dark clouds gradually engulfed this lab. ITS's living PDP-10 gradually become obsolete, some people began to leave the laboratory open to outside companies, artificial intelligence commercialization of the technology. MIT AI Lab unstoppable master of the new company and hire the high salaries have run away, SAIL and CMU also encountered the same problem.
※ Translation: This is a situation in the Universal Declaration of the GNU detailed description, see: (AKA special thanks from the chuhaibo translated into Chinese) http://www.8cin.cn fatal blow has finally come, the DEC announced in 1983: In order to To be concentrated in the PDP-11 and VAX line, will cease production of PDP-10; ITS did not engage in the first, because it can not be transplanted to other machines, or that people can not do that. The Berkeley Univeristy revised the UNIX in the new VAX running very Shun, is the ideal replacement for ITS. Far-sighted people can see that, in the fast-growing micro-computer technology under, Unix unity is a matter of time before the political arena.
Almost completed at this time Steven Levy `` Hackers''this book, the main source of information is Richard M. Stallman (RMS) of the story, he was MIT AI Lab leaders, and resolutely oppose the research laboratories of the business.
Then Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation, go all out to write high-quality free software. Levy condolences to the description of his style is the last true hacker ', okay Facts have proved that Levy absolutely wrong.
※ Translation: Richard M. Stallman please refer to the relevant deeds: http://www.8cin.cn
Stallman's ambitious plans can be said to be the early 1980s Hacker culture in miniature - in 1982 he began to build a brand new but compatible with the UNIX operating system, to C to write and it's free. The whole spirit and tradition of the ITS, through the efforts of RMS, be integrated in a new, UNIX and VAX machines on the Hacker culture. Microcomputer and regional networks of science and technology, culture began to have an impact on Hacker. Motorola 68000 CPU and Ethernet is a powerful combination, there are several companies set up production of the first generation of workstations. 1982, a group of Berkeley UNIX Hacker set up by the Sun Microsystems, the fight of their thinking is: In the UNIX-to 68,000 for the CPU machines, affordable and consistent with the requirements of most applications. Gao Zhan from the testator for the whole industry set a new milestone. Although the individual, workstations are still too expensive, but in the eyes of companies and schools, mini-computer workstation is cheaper than too much. In these institutions, workstations (almost one a) quickly replaced the old timesharing, and other large VAX machines.
※ Translation: Sun to begin production of a workstation CPU is Motorola 68000 series, launched in 1989 to research and development of its own SPARC line for the CPU to the SPARCstation.