A brief history of hacker culture

A brief history of hacker culture
This is the original author Eric S. He was a big brother-Hacker, write a lot of free software, well-known works include Jargon File, published in recent years, "the cathedral and market" for the papers to Opensource software, Netscape Navigator is willing to open The source, and this article have great relationship.

Overture: Real Programmer
Story of the beginning, I would like to introduce the so-called Real Programmer.
They never claimed to be Real Programmer, Hacker or any special title; `Real Programmer 'is the term only in the 1980s, but since early 1945, computer science will continue to attract the world's best minds, the most abundant imagination In which the people. Eckert & Mauchly from the invention of ENIAC, we will continue to have fever in which the programmer, to write and play various software programming skills, music, gradually forming a set of self-awareness of science, technology and culture. The Real Programmers at the time mainly from the engineering and physics community, they wear thick glasses, wearing T-shirts and polyester fiber white socks, using machine language, assembly language, FORTRAN and many ancient written language program. Hacker times they are a pioneer, silently contribution, but little known.
From the end of the Second World War to the early 1970, Daka is a computer with the so-called "big iron" mainframes pop era dominated by Real Programmer computer culture. Hacker legend if the name Mel (included in the Jargon File), Murphy's Law of the various versions, mock-German `Blinke_nlight 'articles are spread long the Lao Diaoya a joke.
※ translator: Jargon File is prepared by the original author of this paper, there included a lot of Hacker language acronym meaning of legend, and so on. Jargon File is published as a book: The New Hacker's Dictionary, MIT PRESS publication. Online versions have: http://www.aliggz.cn
※ Translator: Does the law is: When you have two choices road, if one of them will lead to failure, you will be elected to it. It is a lot of derivatives: For example, a demo program in the tens of thousands of times before testing thousands are correct, but the demo that day will be just a bug.
Real Programmer some of the world and is still very active (in this paper, written in 1996). Cray supercomputer designer Seymour Cray, Cray is said to personally design all of the operating system and its hardware, operating system is hard to dry out the native code, not to any bug or error. Real Programmer is super!
For comparison is not so exaggerated example: Stan Kelly-Bootle, The Devil's DP Dictionary author of the book (McGraw-Hill, 1981年初version, ISBN 0-07-034022-6) and the legendary Hacker experts, was in a Manchester Mark I development program. He is a columnist for PC magazine, writing a number of scientific humor Pieces, Wen-Bi lively and interesting for hackers preferences today, so very popular. Other portraits David E. Lundstorm, wrote about the Real Programmer of the story, included in A few Good Men From UNIVAC this book, 1987 publication, ISBN-0-262-62075-8.
※ Translation: See here, we should understand that the so-called Real Programmer refers to the combination of using language or even to native code, the program used Daka to a punch-card paper tablets, imported from the host computer's card reader that the Stone Age Programmer.
Real Programmer into the end of the era, is gradually replaced by the popular Interactive computing, the establishment of the University of ICC-related departments and computer network. They hastened the birth of another ongoing project traditions, and eventually evolved into today's open source hacker culture.